Research, Articles & Case Studies
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June 9th, 2015
The Relationship of Craniosacral Examination Findings in Grade School Children with Developmental Problems -
Upledger, John E.Curriculums:
The Relationship of Craniosacral Examination Findings in Grade School Children with Developmental Problems - Abstract: A standardized craniosacral examination was conducted on a mixed sample of 203 grade school children. The probabilities calculated supported the existence of a positive relationship between elevated total craniosacral motion restriction scores and the classifications of "not normal," "behavioral problems," and "learning disabled," by school authorities, and of motion coordination problems. There was also a positive relationship between an elevated total craniosacral motion restriction score and a history of an obstetrically complicated delivery. The total quantitative craniosacral motion restriction score was most positively related to those children presenting with multiple problems. Author: Upledger, John E. Date: 1978 Publisher: American Osteopathic Association; Chicago Relation: JAOA Vol. 77, no.10 (June1978) p. 760/69-776/85
June 9th, 2015
Cranial Findings and Iatrogenesis from Craniosacral Manipulation in Patients with Traumatic Brain Syndrome
Greenman, Philip E.; McPartland, John M.Curriculums:
Cranial Findings and Iatrogenesis from Craniosacral Manipulation in Patients with Traumatic Brain Syndrome Abstract: Craniosacral findings were recorded for all patients with traumatic brain injury entering an outpatient rehabilitation program between 1978 and 1992. The average cranial rhythmic impulse was low in all 55 patients (average, 7.2 c/min). At least one cranial strain pattern was exhibited by 95%, and 87% had one or more bony motion restrictions. Sacral findings were similar to those in patients with low back pain. Although craniosacral manipulation has been found empirically useful in patients with traumatic brain injury, three cases of iatrogenesis occurred. The incidence rate is low (5%), but the practitioner must be prepared to deal with the possibility of adverse reactions. (Key words: Craniosacral manipulation, traumatic brain injury, iatrogenesis, manual medicine) Author: Greenman, Philip E.; McPartland, John M. Date: 1995 Publisher: American Osteopathic Association; Chicago Relation: JAOA Vol. 95, no.3 (March1995) p. 182-192
June 9th, 2015
The Controversy of Cranial Bone Motion
Rogers JS; Witt PL; Sutherland WG; Upledger JECurriculums:
CONCLUSION Anatomic studies on sutural union provide evidence that sutures may not fuse until late in life and perhaps not at all in some cases. Biomechanical evidence clearly shows that adult human suture has properties very distinct from that of cranial bone, making it highly improbable that sutures are completely ossified as some authorities have contended. Research on cranial bone motion has shown that cranial sutures may play a significant role in cranial compliance to increases in intracranial pressure in adult humans and animals, indicating the need for revisiting the concept of a physiologically rigid cranium. Therefore, a small magnitude of motion may be possible between the bones of the cranium. However, a number of those published studies supporting cranial bone motion lacked evidence of scientific rigor. Physical therapists should carefully scrutinize the literature presented as evidence for cranial bone motion. Further research is needed to resolve this controversy. Outcomes research, however, is needed to validate cranial bone mobilization as an effective treatment.
June 9th, 2015
Classification of diagnostic tests used with osteopathic manipulation
Dinnar, Uri; Beal, Myron C.; Goodridge, John P.; Johnston, William L.; Karni, Zvi; Mitchell, Frederic L.; Upledger, John E.; McConnell, David G.Curriculums:
Classification of diagnostic tests used with osteopathic manipulation Abstract: In an effort to characterize methods and decision-making used in osteopathic manipulative diagnosis, videotapes were made of a group of osteopathic physicians individually examining patients who complained of pain considered to be related to musculoskeletal problems. The diagnostic tests used fell into five classes: I—General impression; II—Regional motion testing; III—Position of landmarks; IV—Superficial and deep tissue evaluation; and V—Local response to motion demand. The first three classes are not unique to osteopathic diagnosis. Tests in classes IV and V, however, require high levels of sensory skill and precise anatomic knowledge and are subject to considerable individuality in their application by different physicians. Such differences are consistent with low levels of interexaminer agreement on findings unless special care is taken to adopt detailed criteria for use of a test and for interpretation and recording of findings. The differences may also explain why osteopathic physicians when communicating with other medical professionals rely mainly upon findings obtained with the first three classes of tests. Author: Dinnar, Uri; Beal, Myron C.; Goodridge, John P.; Johnston, William L.; Karni, Zvi; Mitchell, Frederic L.; Upledger, John E.; McConnell, David G. Date: 1980 Publisher: American Osteopathic Association; Chicago Relation: JAOA Vol. 79, no.7 (March1980) p. 451/71-455/79
June 9th, 2015
The Structure and Development of Cranial and Facial Sutures
J. J. PRITCHARD, J. H. SCOTT AND F. G. GIRGIS Anatomy Department, Queen's University, BelfastCurriculums:
The cranial sutures are full examined and its structure and development described.
June 8th, 2015
Is neuroplasticity in the centeral nervous system the missing link to our understanding of chronic musculoskeletal disorders?
Rene Pelletier, Joanne Higgins, and Daniel BourbonnaisCurriculums:
Recent findings suggest that a change in model and approach is required in the rehabilitation of chronic MSD that integrate the findings of neoroplastic changes across the CNS and are targeted by rehabilitative interventions. Effects of current interventions may be medicated through peripheral and central changes but may not specifically address all underlying neuroplastic changes in the CNS potentially associated with chronic MSD.Novel approaches to address these changes show promise and require further investigation to improve efficacy of current approaches.
June 3rd, 2015
Scientists Find Vessels That Connect Immune System and Brain
Stephen LuntzCurriculums:
The authors say the vessels, “Express all of the molecular hallmarks of lymphatic endothelial cells, are able to carry both fluid and immune cells from the cerebrospinal fluid, and are connected to the deep cervical lymph nodes.”
June 1st, 2015
Researchers Find Textbook-Altering Link Between Brain, Immune System
Josh BarneyCurriculums:
This article discusses a new finding of a structure in the human body that in the past was not seen. This structure links the brain to the lymph system through vessels. This has immense potential for new research in neuro-immune reactions.
June 1st, 2015
Missing link found between brain, immune system; major disease implications
University of Virginia Health SystemCurriculums:
In a stunning discovery that overturns decades of textbook teaching, researchers have determined that the brain is directly connected to the immune system by vessels previously thought not to exist. The discovery could have profound implications for diseases from autism to Alzheimer's to multiple sclerosis.
June 1st, 2015
There's a single nerve that connects all of your vital organs — and it might just be the future of medicine
GAIA VINCE, MOSAICCurriculums:
Operating far below the level of our conscious minds, the vagus nerve is vital for keeping our bodies healthy. It is an essential part of the parasympathetic nervous system, which is responsible for calming organs after the stressed ‘fight-or-flight’ adrenaline response to danger. Because the vagus nerve, like all nerves, communicates information through electrical signals, it meant that we should be able to replicate the experiment by putting a nerve stimulator on the vagus nerve in the brainstem to block inflammation in the spleen, he explains. Thats what we did and that was the breakthrough experiment."